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Abstract:

In the present investigation, transient liquid-phase bonding was performed between pure titanium (Grade 2) and stainless steel (X5CrNi 18-10) using 0.1 mm thick nickel foil as an intermediate material. The process was carried out at the temperatures of: 850, 875, 900, 925, 950 and 1000 degrees C for 60 minutes under the compressive stress of 2 MPa in a vacuum. The effects of temperature on the microstructure diffusion brazed joints were characterized in the optical and scanning electron microscopes. The inter diffusion of chemical species across the diffusion interface was evaluated by electron probe microanalysis. The structural examinations have shown that temperature is critical factor to control the microstructure. The diffusion zone on the borders of the joined materials becomes wider with the increase in temperature. The structure of the joints from the titanium site was composed of the eutectoid mixture alpha Ti + Ti2Ni and layers of intermetallic phases Ti2Ni, TiNi and TiNi3. The stainless steel-nickel interface is free from any reaction layer up to 875 degrees C, above this temperature thin layer of reaction appears. The microhardness measured across the joints reaches of values from 320 to 528 HV that indicates higher values than in the case of titanium or stainless steel.

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Characterization of transient liquid-phase bonding between titanium and stainless steel using nickel