Notice: Undefined index: linkPowrot in C:\wwwroot\wwwroot\publikacje\publikacje.php on line 1275
Abstract: The observed urban growth leads to rapid changes in landscape and environment, increase of demands on sources, education and social services, etc. causing both positive results as well as considerable threats. In the era of modern technology development, including the commonness of GIS tools, obtaining geospatial data sets and their visualisation become easier. Their application allow for quick and advanced analyses of the current needs and prediction of the future ones. The present article discusses the problem of spatial accessibility of educational services in the city. This issue is very important from the perspective of the changes that took place along with the educational reform and the absence of urban planning regulations pertaining to the location of primary schools within a residential unit. Using 6 parameters and 3 indicators, as well as the example of the network of primary schools in the district of Bemowo, Warsaw the Authors of the paper showed the positive and negative features of spatial accessibility of those facilities and proposed methodology for analysis of spatial accessibility of educational services which was validated with Huff’s theory. The aim of the study was to obtain maps of the accessibility of educational institutions and to identify on their basis the areas that are educationally excluded. A Huff's relative gravity model was developed for the school sites, and the probability of the area of influence from each school was determined. Locations where the location of schools does not meet the demand of residents were identified. At the same time, they demonstrated the usefulness of GIS tools for geospatial analyses in terms of meeting the residents’ needs.
B I B L I O G R A F I AAgrawal, S., Gupta, R.D. 2016. School mapping and geospatial analysis of the schools in Jasra development block of India. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2, Prague, Czech Republic.
A. Akande, P. Cabral, P. Gomes, S. Casteleyn. 2019. The Lisbon ranking for smart sustainable cities in Europe. Sustain. Cities Soc., 44 (2019), pp. 475-487
Annez, P.C., Buckley, R.M. 2008. Urbanization and growth: Setting the context. World Bank Publications, ISBN: 978-0-8213-7573-0
Bieleninik,E., Mikuś, J. 2005. Conditional forecasting of the trade area dimension, Badania Oper. i Decyz., 1 (2005), pp. 5-24
Borys, T. 2010, Wskaźniki Zrównoważonego Rozwoju – efektywna forma konkretyzacji nowego paradygmatu rozwoju, Cz. 1. Co chcemy mierzyć? (w:) „Zielona Planeta” 3 (90) (in Polish) [Sustainable Development Indicators - an effective form of concretizing the new development paradigm, Part 1. What do we want to measure? (in:)
"Green. Planet", 3 (90) (2010)
D.T. Bulti, T.B. Bedada, L.G. Diriba. 2019. Analyzing spatial distribution and accessibility of primary schools in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia
Spat. Inf. Res., 27 (2019), pp. 227-236
J. Burdziej. 2016. Analiza dostępności przestrzennej za pomocą technologii GIS na przykładzie obiektów użyteczności publicznej w Toruniu (in Polish) [Analysis of spatial accessibility using GIS technology on the example of public buildings in Torun]. Pr. Kom. Geogr. Komun. PTG, 19 (1) (2016), pp. 43-51
Cadwallader, M. 1981. Towards a cognitive gravity model: the case of consumer spatial behaviour. Reg. Studies”, 15 (4) (1981), pp. 275-284
Chmielewski, J.M., 2010. Teoria urbanistyki w projektowaniu i planowaniu miast (in Polish) [The theory of urban planning in designing and planning cities]. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej, Warsaw.
Chmielewski, J.M., Mirecka, M. 2001. Modernizacja osiedli mieszkaniowych (in Polish) [Modernization of housing estates], Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej, Warsaw.
P. Cichociński, A. Dawidowicz, M. Mika, et al. 2015. Geoinformation technology and data models, Croatian Information Technology Society, GIS Forum,, Zagreb, Croatia
P.D. Converse, 1949. New laws of retail gravitation, J. Mark., 14 (3) (1949), pp. 379-384
Dąbrowska-Milewska, G. 2010a. Standardy urbanistyczne dla terenów mieszkaniowych - wybrane zagadnienia (in Polish) [Urban standards for residential areas - selected issues], Archit. Et. artibus (2010), p. 1
Dąbrowska-Milewska, G. 2010b. Standardy urbanistyczne jako narzędzie racjonalnej gospodarki terenami w mieście (in Polish) [Urban standards as a tool for rational land management in the city]. Architektura, Wydaw. Politech. Krak. (2010), p. 14
E. Estevez, N.V. Lopes, T. Janowski. 2016. Smart sustainable cities: reconnaissance study. U. Nations Univ. Oper. Unit. Policy-Driven Electron. Gov. XVIII (2016), p. 312
J. Farrington, C. Farrington. 2005. Rural accessibility, social inclusion and social justice: towards conceptualization, J. Transp. Geogr., 13 (2005), pp. 1-12
Y. Gao, Q. He, Y. Liu, L. Zhang, H. Wang, E. Cai, 2016, Imbalance in spatial accessibility to primary and secondary schools in china: guidance for education sustainability
Sustainability, 8 (12) (2016), p. 1236
Guzik, R. 2011. Dostępność komunikacyjna wybranych miast Małopolski 2011–2020. Ekspertyza zrealizowana na zlecenie Departamentu Polityki Regionalnej Urzędu Marszałkowskiego Województwa Małopolskiego w ramach projektu systemowego Małopolskie Obserwatorium Polityki Rozwoju (in Polish) [Transport accessibility of selected cities in Małopolska 2011–2020. Expert opinion commissioned by the Department of Regional Policy of the Marshal's Office of the Małopolska Region as part of the system project Małopolska Observatory of Development Policy].
Guzik, R. 2016. Transport publiczny a dostępność na obszarach wiejskich Szwajcarii (in Polish) [Public transportation and spatial accessibility in rural areas of Switzerland]
Pr. Kom. Geogr. Komun. PTG, 19 (4) (2016), pp. 49-61
J. Han, X. Meng, X. Zhou, B. Yi, M. Liu, W.N. Xiang. 2016. A long-term analysis of urbanization process, landscape change, and carbon sources and sinks: a case study in China's Yangtze River Delta region, J. Clean. Prod., 141 (2016), pp. 1040-1050
Herczyński, J. 2012. Wskaźniki oświatowe (in Polish) [Educational indicators]. Biblioteczka Oświaty Samorządowej, Wydawnictwo ICM 6, Warsaw.
R. Jones, A. Kauffman, 1994. Accessibility to comprehensive higher education in Texas, Soc. Sci. J., 31 (3) (1994), pp. 263-283.
Kapusta, F. 2012. Poziom infrastruktury technicznej i społecznej jako indykator i stymulator rozwoju regionalnego (in Polish) [The level of technical and social infrastructure as an indicator and stimulator of regional development]. Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy 29/2012. Uniwersytet Rzeszowski.
M. Kompil, C. Jacobs-Crisioni, L. Dijkstra, C. Lavalle, 2019. Mapping accessibility to generic services in Europe: a market-potential based approach
Sustain. Cities Soc. (2019), p. 47.
Kowalczyk, A.M. 2021, Designing walking pathways for a tourist resort with the theory of six value aggregation paths, Geomat. Environ. Eng., 15 (2021), p. 3
A.M. Kowalczyk, T. Bajerowski, M. Ogrodniczak. 2020. A method for hazard mapping illustrated with an example of fire service interventions, Geomat. Environ. Eng., 14 (3) (2020), p. 21
P. Krugman. 1991. Increasing returns and economic geography, J. Political Econ., 99 (3) (1991), pp. 483-499
Kurowska, K., Kryszk, H., Kietlińska, E. 2017. The Use of Gravity Model in Spatial Planning. Environmental Engineering 10th International Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Lithuania.
E. Łaszkiewicz, D. Sikorska. 2020. Children’s green walk to school: an evaluation of welfare-related disparities in the visibility of greenery among children
Environ. Sci. Policy, 110 (2020), pp. 1-13
Y. Liang, S. Gao, Y. Cai, N. Zhang Foutz, L. Wu. 2020. Calibrating the dynamic Huff model for business analysis using location big data, Trans. GIS, 24 (3) (2020), pp. 681-703
T. Lin, J. Xia, T. Robinson, D. Olaru, B. Smith, J. Taplin, B. Cao. 2016. Enhanced Huff model for estimating Park and Ride (PnR) catchment areas in Perth, WA
J. Transp. Geogr., 54 (2016), pp. 336-348.
S. Lu, S.-L. Shaw, Z. Fang, X. Zhang, L. Yin. 2017.Exploring the effects of sampling locations for calibrating the huff model using mobile phone location data
Sutainability, 9 (2017), p. 1.
K. Martens, A. Golub. 2014. Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans, J. Transp. Geogr., 41 (2014), pp. 10-20.
D. Martin, H. Wrigley, S. Barnett, P. Roderick. 2002. Increasing the sophistication of access measurement in a rural healthcare study, Health Place, 8 (1) (2002), pp. 3-13
C.G. McLaughlin, L. Wyszewianski, 2002, Access to care: remembering old lessons, Health Serv. Res., 37 (2002), pp. 1441-1443.
A. Milbert, I.M. Breuer, P. Rosik, M. Stępniak, X. Velasco. 2013. Accessibility of services of general interest in Europe, Rom. J. Reg. Sci., 7 (2013), pp. 37-65.
NAP. 2007. Latvian National Action Plan for Reduction of Poverty and Social Exclusion (2004–2006), Latvia.
M. Oberti, A. Jacobs, 2007. Social and school differentiation in urban space: inequalities and local configurations, Environ. Plan. A, 39 (1) (2007), pp. 208-227
O.M. Oloko-Oba, S.A. Ogunyemi, A.T. Alaga, et al. 2016. Spatial distribution of primary schools in ilorin west local government area, Kwara State, Nigeria
J. Sci. Res. Rep., 9 (6) (2016), pp. 1-10
K. Podawca, A. Pawłat-Zawrzykraj. 2017. Analysis of the availability of educational and technical infrastructure, as factor of sustainable development for Biebrza National Park communes, J. Ecol. Eng., 18 (1) (2017), pp. 159-167
K. Podawca, A. Pawłat-Zawrzykraj. 2018. Analysis of social and spatial accessibility of educational services in the municipalities of Płock district, Acta Sci. Pol. Form. Circumiectus, 17 (4) (2018), pp. 23-33
Polska Polityka Architektoniczna, 2008. Polityka jakości krajobrazu, przestrzeni publicznej, architektury – dokument opracowany z inicjatywy Polskiej Rady Architektury, Stowarzyszenia Architektów Polskich pod patronatem Ministerstwa Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego przez reprezentantów ZG SARP, ZG TUP, Krajowej Izby Architektów RP, Polskiej Rady Architektury, środowiska architektów krajobrazu oraz Krajowego Ośrodka Badań i Dokumentacji Zabytków, 5. [www.sarp.org.pl] (in Polish). [Polish Architecture Policy. Policy of the quality of landscape, public space, architecture - a document developed on the initiative of the Polish Architecture Council, the Association of Polish Architects under the patronage of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage by representatives of ZG SARP, ZG TUP, the Polish Chamber of Architects, the Polish Architecture Council, landscape architects and the National Center Research and Documentation of Monuments.
Rakowska, J. 2013. Klasyfikacja obszarów - kryteria, definicje, metody delimitacji (in Polish) [Classification of areas - criteria, definitions, delimitation methods]. Studium metodyczno-statystyczne, Wieś Jutra. Warsaw.
T.V. Ramachandra, B.H. Aithal, D.D. Sanna. 2012. Insights to urban dynamics through landscape spatial pattern analysis, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf., 18 (2012), pp. 329-343
H. Rashtbar, H. Nazmfar, R. Samadzadeh, 2019, Evaluating Enjoyment of Urban Regions Through Innovative City Indicators with An Emphasis on Social and Cultural Indicators (A Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis), J. Appl. Eng. Sci., 9 (1) (2019), pp. 109-114.
Y. Shen, Q. Du, L. Li. 2016. Spatial accessibility analysis of education resources by modified floating catchment area methods, Sci. Surv. Mapp., 41 (2016), pp. 122-126.
T.J. Stanley, M.A. Sewall. 1976. Image inputs to a probabilistic model: predicting retail potential, J. Mark., 40 (3) (1976), pp. 48-53
M. Stępniak, R. Wiśniewski, S. Goliszek, Sz Marcińczak. 2017. Dostępność przestrzenna do usług publicznych w Polsce (in Polish) [Spatial accessibility to public services in Poland], Prace geograficzne, Polska Akademia Nauk, (2017), p. 261.
Tabor, M. 2011. Raport z badań SAS w zakresie oświaty za lata 2005–2009 (in Polish) [SAS study report in the field of education for 2005–2009], Poznań– Wrocław–Nysa.
E. Talen, 2004. School, Community, and Spatial Equity: An Empirical Investigation of Access to Elementary Schools in West Virginia, Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr., 91 (3) (2004), pp. 465-486
A. Telega, I. Telega, A. Bieda, 2021. Measuring walkability with GIS—methods overview and new approach proposal, Sustainability, 13 (2021), p. 1883.
A. Wolny, M. Ogryzek, R. Źróbek. 2019. Towards sustainable development and preventing exclusions—determining road accessibility at the sub-regional and local level in rural areas of Poland, Sustainability, 11 (2019), p. 4880.
X. Zhu, C. Lee. 2008. Walkability and safety around elementary schools: economic and ethnic disparities, Am. J. Prev. Med., 34 (4) (2008), pp. 282-290.