PASSIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BUILDINGS

The uncontrolled consumption of energy resources on Earth leads to their rapid depletion. Over time, they become increasingly difficult to access and, in addition, their incineration results in negative environmental impacts, including the likely greenhouse effect. Reducing environmental degradation requires a variety of actions. The largest consumers of non-renewable energy are construction, industry and transport. Fuel costs are rising, which, by increasing expenses, this distorts competition in the market.
Finding new ways to reduce conventional fuel consumption is focused on renewable energy using solar, wind, water, geothermal and biofuels. Passive technologies play a special role here, which does not require any external power supply. As an example for this purpose are used various types of window blinds, awnings and blinds. A similar effect is achieved through the use of appropriate facade, natural and artificial coverings. Façade paints with desirable absorption-emission properties are also included in this group. With an identical façade finish, its color is a factor influencing the energy consumption for heating or cooling. It is observed that the dark colors better absorb radiation compared to bright ones. Currently applied calculation procedures only take into account only the black, white and gray shades are usually distinguished. It seems that this scale is not sufficient for accurate calculations of heat gains and losses in buildings.
This paper presents the methodology and results of the study of the heating of aluminum samples of equal dimensions painted in several different colors. In order to calculate the value of the emission and absorption coefficient, a special test stand was constructed. where a change in temperature of the heating and cooling of the sample in time was recorded. Un-stationary energy balance allows to estimate the coefficients of emission. The detailed procedure and uncertainty of measurement is considered. The paper presents the results of research for some shades of green and control colors, namely black and white. These results are the basis for determining the coefficients sought.