Publikacje

Abstract:

This research was conducted with the use of the DSC method; it involved the examination
of the unfrozen water content in two model (source) calcium bentonites (75% smectite), after one to
three freeze-thaw cycles in the natural state, as well as after the ion exchange for a potentially toxic
element (Cu2+). The freeze-thaw cycles do not affect the unfrozen water content at a given negative
temperature in a statistically significant manner. However, a statistically significant influence of
temperature, the initial mass of the water, and the clay type on the change of the unfrozen water
content was found. Moreover, the empirical models of predicting the unfrozen water in the bentonite
after the exchange for Cu2+ ion were created, for which the parameter was the mass of the water and
the mass of the dry soil, at the temperature of 􀀀2 C.

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The Effect of Freeze-Thaw Cycling and the Initial Mass of Water on the Unfrozen Water Content of Calcium Bentonites Modified by Copper Ions