Abstract: The process of micro-crack nucleation and the first stages of micro-meso-crack propagation are analyzed with the help of a cohesive, finite element model. The loaded material cell containing an inclusion is presented. The model is based on experimental observations. The inclusion–matrix interface and planes of potential crack propagation in the inclusion and matrix are modeled with the cohesive elements implemented in ABAQUS. Both element-based and surface-based approaches are used. The material constants used in the calculations are hypothetical, but based on data relevant to the real materials and reported in the literature. The influence of the cohesive element parameters (that is, peak stress and fracture energy) as well as the influence of constraint on the sequence of events during loading of the material cell are analyzed. Relations between selected parameters of the model leading to inclusion fracture or the debonding process of an inclusion are established.
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